There are several types of microphones that can be used for both voice and instrument applications. The most often used for vocals are the dynamics and condensers. These vocal mics should be able to deal with the “pops and plosives” and breath noises when a singer uses a hard consonant like a P or B.
Dynamic designs work by means of electromagnetism where a coil of wire is attached to the diaphragm and moves by a magnet, which then creates electricity as the sound waves push against the diaphragm. While condensers have two plates with a voltage between them. One plate is made of a very light and flexible material and acts as the diaphragm.
Read more about this here: https://www.prosoundweb.com/channels/live-sound/real-world-gear-condenser-dynamic-microphones-for-live-vocals/
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